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Teeth whitening using tray-based teeth bleaching systems.

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What influences the shade of teeth?
When will at-home tray-based teeth whitening work?

At any specific point in life, the coloration of a person's teeth is influenced by a multitude of factors. Before you initiate the use of a at-home tray teeth whitening (teeth bleaching) system it is important for your dentist to determine the possible causes of your tooth discoloration. Having an idea of what has caused your discoloration will help your dentist estimate how much lightening the teeth whitening process can be expected to achieve.

Baseline tooth color.

The teeth of humans, as a race, display a wide range of shades of white. There is no one specific color that a person's teeth are supposed to be. Some person's teeth are just naturally lighter in color than others.


Chromogenic agents.

Beyond a person's baseline tooth shade, it seems to be a fact of life that as years pass our teeth tend to absorb discoloration and stain. The degree to which a person's teeth will darken can often be related to the amount of repeated exposure they have had to "chromogenic agents". Tea, coffee, colas, and red wine are each known to have a darkening effect on teeth. Smoking is also recognized as an activity that stains teeth.
 
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Exposure to certain medicines.

Some persons have tooth staining because they had a systemic exposure to certain medicines. One known culprit is the antibiotic tetracycline (and its derivatives including minocycline and doxycycline). When children are given tetracycline during those years during which tooth enamel is forming their teeth can acquire a yellow-brown to blue-grey staining. For this reason tetracycline related antibiotics are seldom prescribed for children 8 years and younger or for pregnant women. The use of the minocycline even by adults has been reported to cause grey tooth staining.

Whitening teeth which have fluorosis staining. Ingestion of excessive amounts of fluoride by children during their period of tooth development can cause a type of tooth staining termed "fluorosis". In its most common form fluorosis appears as chalky-white areas on a tooth. In more severe forms fluorosis can cause brown tooth staining and even result in tooth surface pitting. (Parents should be aware that a common source of fluoride ingestion can be when children swallow toothpaste. It has been suggested that children under the age of 5 swallow essentially all of the toothpaste placed on their brush.)

Our animation shown here illustrates how very white fluorosis stains can often be masked by bleaching normally colored teeth to a lighter shade. For an example of how this technique might be accomplished in real life, visit our Cosmetic Dentistry section.


Whitening a tooth that has had a root canal.

Individually darkened teeth.

There are times when a single tooth has become darker than its neighboring teeth. As an example, it is very common that a tooth that has had root canal treatment will darken as years pass.

Teeth that have a history of having been traumatized, such as being bumped in an accident, will often darken with time too. (This darkening may or may not indicate significant problems related to the health of the nerve in the tooth. Any individually darkened tooth should always be evaluated by a dentist.)


Does tray teeth whitening always work?
How long can tray teeth whitening take?

While your dentist cannot know beforehand the precise level of whitening results you will achieve or how long it will take to realize them, they should be able to give you a general idea of what changes might be possible based on their experiences with other patients. To help you understand what types of results you might be able to obtain, some dentists will use a computer imaging system to illustrate for you the degree of whitening they think is likely.

Tray teeth whitening systems utilizing a 10% carbamide peroxide whitener can usually be expected to make at least some improvement in shade for teeth found in all of the categories discussed above, however certain types of tooth darkness will be more resistant to whitening than others. Additionally, the results a person is able to obtain, and the time it takes to achieve them, will be dependent on their degree of compliance with their dentist's instructions.

Those people who feel that they were pleased with the shade of their teeth when they were younger but now, at an older age, have found that their teeth have yellowed somewhat will most likely find the results of a tray teeth whitening system very satisfactory. This type of staining, which is often due to exposure to chromogenic agents such as tea and coffee, is commonly resolved by two to six weeks of bleaching. Fairly dark tooth staining which has been caused primarily by a person's smoking might take upwards of three months of treatment to successfully whiten.

More difficult cases to bleach will be those instances where a person does not so much feel that their teeth have stained with time but instead were always too dark, even when they were younger. While tray teeth bleaching can be expected to make a shade improvement in these cases, the degree of whitening will be less predictable. Teeth falling into this bleaching category will be those with an inherently dark baseline color and those with tetracycline or brown fluorosis staining.

The total treatment time needed in these more stubborn cases can often range between two and six months. Satisfactory results might be obtained within this time frame or else a point reached where your dentist determines that, while your teeth have responded somewhat, more whitening is not likely.

Individually darkened teeth, such as those which have been traumatized or have had root canal treatment, can be resistant to bleaching with tray-based teeth whitening systems. Total treatment time for these types of cases could range between two and six months before satisfactory results are obtained, or else your dentist determines that it is unlikely that the tooth will whiten any further.


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Ultra-White.com - A full line of teeth whitening products including the same teeth whiteners and custom bleaching trays offered by cosmetic dentists. Ultra-White.com is a Yahoo! Shopping Top Service award winner.

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